Tubing spider



March 9 1926; 1,575,998

w. H. MCKISSICK TUBING SPIDER Filed Jan. 29, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 I I 1 MI i" at 1, ll

,m a? l 57/ /7 i; 55

.. va A 1 '.a': m a (Wk March 9 1926.

W. H. M KISSICK TUBING SPIDER Filed Jan. 29, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 gnuentoz WH. M kzlss il March 9 1926.

' w. H. M KlsslcK TUBING SPIDER Filed Jan. 29, 1 925 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Mar. 9, 1926.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM H. MoKISSIGK, or 'TULsA, OKLAHOMA.

TUBING SPIDER.

Application filed January 29, 1925. Serial no. 5,651.

the top of a well casing, a string of well tubing, whereby the section or joint above the support may be couplied to or uncoupled from the string.

An important object is to provide improved means for gripping the tubing below the collar, thus saving the collar from injury due to the weight of the suspended string.

Another object is to provide a removable guide ring for the top of the spider, having an annular rounded guide flange for the tubing.

A further object is to provide a continuous base ring detachably connected with the lower end of the spider, whereby the upper portion maybe removed and the ring left rigid in the upper end of the casing,

Another object is to provide an annular carrier from which theslips are suspended together with means for elevating the carrier,

whereby the slips ar retracted into the body of the spider, relatively outwardly of the depending guide flange and thus free from contact with tubing.

A still further object of the. invention is provided in combination with a continuous base ring, a spider body having a gap or opening in one side, whereby the body may be detached from the, ring and removed laterallyof the tubing to permit a tubing catchen' or the like to be elevated through the ring.

Another object is to provide in combination with the annular carrier, a non-rotative body having vertical guide slots for receiving trunnions on the'oarrier, whereby the carrier may be contiguous to the inner wall of the body and also whereby the slips may be freely suspended from the carrier free of the body and arereadily replaceable.

Aponstruction designed to carry out the invention will be hereinafter described together with other features of the invention.

The invention will be more readily understood from a reading of the following specification and by. reference tothe accompanying drawings, in which examples of the invention are shown, and wherein:

Fig. 1 is an elevation of a spider constructed in accordance with my invention and shown in its relative position on a section of tubing, Fig. 2 1s a plan viewof the same,

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectionalview taken on the hue -33 of Fig. 4,

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 4.-4 of Fig. 3, I

Fig. 5 is an elevation of another form embodying the invention,-

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the same Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 8, and

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7.

In the drawings the numeral 10 designates a spider body preferably formed with an annular base collar 11 having an inverted conical bore 12. The collar is formed with an outwardly directed circular flange 13 for supporting the spider on a casing head (not shown). The flange rests upon an annular base ring 14 attached to the collar by counter-sunk tap bolts 15.

(not shown) and is less in diameter at one edge than at the other. This permits engagement in casing heads of different internal diameters b inverting the ring. It is to be understood dispensed with in this form of the invention and is not an essential element.

- The collar 11 above the bore 12 is dished or curved outwardly to provide a bowl 16 which is merged into a vertical cylindrical housing 17 having an internal diameter considerably greater than that of the upper end of the bore. At the upper end of the housing are a plurality of inwardly directed ears. 18, while at the bottom of the housing is an outwardly directed ledge or lip 19 surrounding the bowl. The parts 11, 16 and 17 are preferably cast in one piece and constitute the body 10, which of course may vary in design and structure, within the scope of the invention.

The ring is' adapted to fit in the casing head of the well that the ring 14 may be Within the housing is disposed, horizontally, an annular carrier 20, which is of such diameter as to slide freely up and down, contiguously to the inner wall of the housing. This carrier has extending from its up.- per edge, upwardly inclined studs 21 overhanging the bowl 16. A plurality of slips 22 having. horizontally toothed gripping faces 23 and inclined backs 24', the latter conforming to the angle of inclination" of the walls of the conical bore 12.

Central arms 25 extend upwardly and incline outwardly from the slips. These arms have rounded apertures 26 at their upper ends (Fig. 4) receiving the studs 21, where-. by the slips are swiveled on the carrier. Gotter keys 27 confine the arms on the studs. '1 have shown three slips and the studs located accordingly, but it is to be understood that the number of slips may be varied. It will be seen that when the carrier is lowered, as

' tanglement or en is shown in full lines in Fig. 4, the. slips will rest in the bore 12 in gripping position. As the carrier is elevated the slips ride up the inclined walls of the bore and swing out-' wardl into the bowl 16 and housing 17, thus sprea ing apart and hanging free of the tubing and its collars.

The slips being swiveled and hanging with their lower ends spaced a distance laterally the upper end of the bore 12, precludes enagement with the tubing or its collars. A so the loose mounting of the slips permits them'to be easily displaced,

when elevated, so that they are not as likely to be injured astheywould be if rigidly supported. By use of .the carrier ide grooves in the housing are obviated ang less metal is necessary in the walls of the housing; also a more simple casting may be made and used without machine finishing.

On top of the housing is mounted a guide ring 28 secured on the ears 18 by tap bolts The ring has an annular flange 30 depending from its inner edge- This flange is ourved outwardly and has its lower edge directed away from the guide opening formed by the flange. The diameterof the flange is greater than the diameter at the lower end of the bore 12, so that anything passing through the bore will also pass through the flan e. In Fig. 4 the sli s .are shown in dotted ines in their elevate posi-- tion and it will be seen that the guide ring 28 and its flange overhang the slips'and protect them from the tubing moving through. the spider.

For raising and lowering the carrier 20 I provide a rotatable cylindrical sleeve 31 surrounding the housing 17. The sleeve rests 'upon the lip 19 and is confined under the extending edge of the ring 28. In order to reduce friction and make for easy rotation, circular tracks or ribs 32 are formed on the inner face of the sleeve contiguous duced shank 36, headed in the carrier. The

square portions act as guides, but arenot essential and the trunnions may be otherwise formed. The trunnions project through upwardly inclined slots 37 in the sleeve. For rotating the sleeve I provide any suitable means, but prefer diametrically opposite handles 38 extending from the central portion of the sleeve. At the upper end of each slot 37 is an offset or seat 37', in which the trunnions may be rested to hold the carrier and slips elevated.

The spider is not an elevator and is not intendedto be used as such. In using the spider the ring 14 is fastened in a casing head (not shown)"at the top of the well casing. To-elevate the slips 22, so that the tubing A and collars B may be raised and lowered through the spider, the handles 38 are grasped and the sleeve 31 is rotated to the right. As the sleeve rotates the trunnions 34 are raised by the, inclined slots 37, but are caused to move vertically in the slots 33, whereby the carrier 20, is elevated, but not rotate When the carrier is elevated the slips 22 are lifted vertically, their inclined backs 24 riding up the inclined wall of the bore 12- until the lower ends of the slips swing out wardly into the bowl 16. Upon reaching the upper ends of the slots 37 the trunnions 34 ride into the offsets 37 and further rotaslips in their elevated position. The guide ring 28 and its flange 30.0verhanging the elevatedand spread slips, guides the tubing A into the housing and through the bore 12.

When it is desired to grip or suspend the tubing, as for instance to remove or screw on a section, the sleeve is rotated to the left. The tubing A is handled by an ordinary elevator, which is detached after the tubing is grippedQ When the sleeve is rotated to the left the lower ends of the slips ride down the walls of the concaved bowl 16 into. the conical bore 12, due to the lowering of the carrier 20 and the downward movement of the trunnions in the slots 33' and 37. As the slips ride into the bore 12 the inclined backs 24 will aline With the walls of the bore and the slips will be drawn together. Upon approaching the bottom of the bore the teeth 23 of the slips will engage the tubing A. \Vhen the elevator is lowered the teeth will grip the tubing and the slips will I tion. A base collar 40 has its lower end reduced and fitting in a circular base ring 41.-

The collar has a conical bore 49- like the collar 11 and an inclined bowl 43 flares upwardly from the-bore. A cylindrical hous ing 44 is cast upon the upper edge -of'the. bowl and has inwardly directed ears 45 at its upper edge. A guide ring 46 is fastened on the housing by bolts 47 screwed into the ears. Thering has a depending internal flange 48 like the ring 28.

An; annular carrier 49 is disposed in the housing and is provided with diametrically 1 opposite trunnions 50 extending throug vertical slots 51 in the housing. T we trunnions are employed and they are extended to form handles, whereby the carrier may be raised and lowered. Each slot has an offset 52 at its upper end in which the trunnions may be seated to holdthe carrier in its raised position. 4

Thecarrier has inwardly'projecting studs 53, three being shown, on which the arm-s 54 of slips 55 are swiveled. The slips 55 are substantially the same as the slips 22. The operation is similar to that previously described, except that the carrier ismanually lifted by the trunnions50. f

One of the important'features of this form is a vertical gap or opening 56 formed continuously, in the collar. 40, housing 44 and ring 46,- which registers with a co-ordinated gap 57 in the carrier. The am litude of these gaps is suflicient to' permit t e passage of the tubing A. The base ring 41 is continuous and surrounding the collar 40, where the strain is sustalned, will prevent spread mg of the spider under a load. The ring is fastened in the casing head (not shown) and the collar is. fastened in the ring by set screws 58.

It is customary to mount tubing catchers in the tubing and as such would not through the bore 42 or ring 46, the s ider must be removed. To remove the spi er it is merely necessary to disengage the screws 58 from the collar, lift the spider so as to clear the ring which remains stationary in the casing head, and then shift the spider laterally so that the tubing will relatively, pass through the gaps 56 and 57.- To accomplish this the carrier must be elevated so that the slips will be spread apart.

Various changes inthe size and shape of the different parts, as well as modifications and alterations, may be made within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim, is: I v 1. In a sp1der, a base collarhaving a conical bore, an enlarged cylindrical housing supported above the collar, a carrier mountass ed for vertical movementin'the housing,'a plurality of slips suspended from the car-' rier and engaging-in the bore, and means for moving the carrier vertically to raise the slips from the bore of the collar into' the housing.

f 2, In a spider, a base collar having a conical. bore, an enlarged cylindrical housing supported above the collar, a carrier mounted for vertical movement in the housing, a plurality of slips swiveled on the carrier and engaging in the bore, and means for moving the carrier vertically to raise the slips from the bore of the collar into the housing.

3. In a spider, a base collar having a conical bore, an enlarged cylindrical housing supported above the collar, acarrier mounted to move vertically in the housing, a guide.

ring at the top of the housing having an internal guide flange, a. plurality of slips sus ended from the carrier and engaging in the ore of the collar, and means for moving the carrier vertically to raise the slips from the bore of the collar. 7

- '4. Ina spider, a base collar having a conical bore, an enlarged cylindrical housing supported above the collar and having vertical slots, a vertically movable carrier in .the housing, trunnions extendingfrom the .tica slots, a vertically movable carrier in the housing, trunnions extending from the;

carrier through the slots'of the housing, and slips suspended from the carrier'and engaging in the bore of the collar, the slots of the housing having offsets at their upper ends for receiving and supporting'thetrunnions, whereb the carrier and the slips are sustained 1n their elevated positions.

6. 'In a spider, a base collar having a conicab bore, .a bowl extending outwardly from the upper end of the bore of the collar, a cylindrlcal housing supported on the outer edge of the bowl, a guide ring on top of the housing having a central opening and overhanging the bowl, slips engaging in the bore bore of the collar, the opening of the guide ring overhanging the faces of the slips. 7

7. In a spider, a base'collar having a conical bore, a housing supported above the col lar and having vertical slots, a vertically movable carrier in the housing, Istuds ex tending inwardly from the carrier, slips susended from'the studs and engaging in the ore of the collar, trunnions extending out wardly from the carrier through the slots ended from the studs and engaging in the of the housing, and a guide ring on the ore of the collar, trunnions extending outhousing overhan ing the carrier, the trunwardly from the, carrier through the slots nions being mova 1e vertically to elevate the of the housing, a guide ring on the housing 6 carrier and the sli s. overhanging the carrier, the'trunnions bein 15 8. In a spider, a ase collar having a conimovable vertically to elevate the carrier and cal bore, a housing supported above the col-- the slips, and a base ring detachably engaged lar and having vertical slots, a vertically around the lower portion of the collar. movable carrier in the housing, studs ex- In testimony whereof I aifix my si ature. l0 tending inwardly from the carrier, slips sus- WILLIAM H. MCKIS IGK. 

